Air brush



July 19, 1927.` 1,636,315

J. D. MURRAY AIR BRUSH Filed May 5. 1926 Fig; 4f,

lijven on Patented July 19, 1927.

1,636,315 PATENT -o;1-Fic.

JOHN n. MURRAY, or .sANfFRANcIsod CALIFORNIA.

Am BRUSH. I

Application filed may s, 1926. `serial No. '106,356.`

This invention relates ,to that type of structure employed `primarily for the application of paint. or other liquid-coatingmaterials to surfaces bythe use of air under pressure and is commonly termed an air brush or spray gun. y

Among the principal objects of this invention are the utilization of what may be commonly termeda crossed coupling asthe body ofthe apparatus, wherebythe cost of manufacture of-the body is ,reduced to a minimum; the utilization of a relatively light body, approximately Ifrom the center of which depends a handle constituting afiuid "feed duct; the provision of a simple trigger mechanism in advance of the handleforiactuationrto operate the tubular nozzle where-V bythe latter controls the discharge of the intermixed st-reamof liquid and `:air-inaccordance'with the 'degree of operation ofitlie trigger. A further object is to provide aconstruction whereina normal liquid supply-may be readily eutoil by a predetermined movement of thel discharge nozzle and dierent liquid supply connected with the nozzle readily adapting the apparatus tothe application of diiferent liquids, or the same liquids in different colors Vwithoutanymaterial change and with the loss lofthe minimum time.

With the above mentioned and other objects in View, the invention consistsfin the novel construction and combination of. parts hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and set forth in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various changes inthefforni, proportion, size'and minor details of construction within the scope'of the claims may be resorted .to without departing from Vthe spirit or sacrificing: any ofthe advantages ofthe` invention.

To more fully comprehend the invention reference is directed to the accompanyingy drawings, whereinment andforniation of the discharge nozzle and its associated parts.

`Figure ll is a viewsimilar to Figure 3 taken online f t-A of Fig.3.

,Figure 5 is-a view in elevation of charge tip.

lthe dieline 7-7 of Fig. 4.'

Fig. 6 is a view in elevation of the ported diskinterniediatethe air and liquid delivery ports. l

Figure`7 is a vertical sectional view on VFigure 8 is a .vertical -sectional view -of the swiveljoint connection.

Figure'9 is a fragmentary detail lsectional view illustrating a reservoir 'for supplying, bycapillary attraction, liquid to the discharge nozzle when the same is ,axially rotated to position its liquid control port upwardly. `Referring `more particularly to `the several views of the drawings wherein like characters of reference designatecorresponding parts, 1 indicates a liquid-supply pipe, to the upper 4end of which is connected the branch i 2 ofa tubular circumferentially T-shaped body 3. vThe horizontal portion of'fthe T- shaped body is tubular as at 4, the forward end of which is substantially full open and -therear end of which isprovided with areduced opening 5. The liquid supply pipe 1 communicates with the interior 0f thehorizontal--portion-of the tubular body 3 through port 6, andy to the rear end of the horizontal y portion ofthe tubular body 3 is detachably coupled a flexible pipe 7 for conducting-air under pressure thereinto.v The pipe `7 is connected with the end of the bodyby a collar 8 resting on a shoulderl 9 of the pipe and the ybody of 'the collar is threaded to vthe .flangelO surrounding the reduced opening 5.

Disposed oonceiitrically within the'ange 10 `is .a conical projection 11 immediately survrounding the reduced opening 5 and for reception within the end of the flexible pipe- .or'hose 7. It will be Vobserved that the conical member11aft`ords a spreader for eX- tending ,the portion .ofthe hose? received between the lmembers 10 yand 11 against the res ective walls `of 4the members when the col ar 8v is tightly threaded onto the flange 10.

"Lineally reciprocable longitudinally of `the tubular body 3 with its outer end pro-V jecting beyondV theend ofthe tubular body is a tubular discharge nozzle A consisting of the cooperating tubular parte 12 land 13.

Thegpart 12 projectsbeyond the-end ofthe `4[tubular body Sia-nd' reciprocat'es;through a gland packing 14 `carried atA the end'of4 the "-body. V*The outer end of the portion 12 of :the nozzle A is. threaded at 15 and detachablycarries-a transversely slottedspray tip 16 at its end, the latter being held in place by a threaded collar 17, which in turn threads on to a flanged filler nut 13 threaded directly to 15. Angularly from the iiller nut 18 is adjustably threaded on the part 12 a seep nut 19, and adjacent its inner 'end the part 12 is provided with aport 20 for registering with the port 6 when the discharge nozzle is reciprocated angularly from normal position. Goncentrically disposed in the inner end oi the part 12 oi nozzle A is a portion 13 of the nozzle A between the forward end of which and the port 20 is removably positioned a ported disk 21 which controls the air delivered into the member 12. A spring 22 surrounds the portion 13 and abuts against the wall of the tubular body 3; this spring exerting pressure will maintain the members 12 and 13 forwardly into the tubular body 3. The rear end of the member 13 is laterally ported at 23 to cooperate with the wall of the reduced opening 5, said port on the rearward reciprocation of the members 12 and 13 moving beyond the end of the wall of said reduced portion and adording an air inlet into the member 13.

The .discharge nozzle is reciprocated against the action of the Ispring 22 by the operation of a triggerI 2li lyingl in advance of the pipe 1. The upper end of the trigger' is bifurcated at 25, andis received between the filler nut 18 and th-e seep nut 19. The ends ot' the bifurcations 25 are ported, and in said ports are received the hooked ends 26 of spring arms 27. United at their inner ends by a curved connecting portion 28, which is held by a plug 29 threaded into the bore 30 which is a continuation of the pipe 1 above the point of its intersection by the tubular body 3, as in Fig. 7.

A bowed handle 31 is arcuately rotatable about the pipe 1, as in Fig. 1, and affords a gripping member for reception within the palm of the hand when the gun is in use and pressure is applied to pull the trigger 24s rearwardly. The tip 16 and the ported disk 21 are readily changeable to enable the best suited tip to be employed, and the disk having the proper opening to admit the required air delivery to obtain the best results.

The parts being in position as in the drawing, with the exception of Fig. 9, and air under pressure being admitted through pipe 7 and pipe 1 being connected to a Huid supply, the operator grasping the trigger 24C and reciprocating the discharge nozzle rearwardly from its position in Fig. 3 to that in Fig. 4, affords communication iirst between the liquid supply and the interior of the portion 12 and the nozzle A. After this communication has been established, uncovering the port 23 enables air under pressure passing through the disk 21, to pick up the liquid admitted through the pipe 1 and discharge the same in a flat fan spray from the tip 16, the reciprocation to operative position of discharge nozzle being controlled solely by the operation of the trigger 24 which is held between the nuts 18 and 19. Should the operator desire to cut ott' the liquid flow pipe 1, it is only necessary that the part 12 of nozzle A be axially rotated from its position in Figs. 4 and 7 to that in Fig. 9, the plug 29 removed, and a liquid container 32 substituted therefor. lVith the port 2O upwardly disposed, connnunication through pipe 1 is interrupted and the liquid from the container 32 is utilized by the air under pressure from pipe 7.

It will be observed that the parts are readily disassembled ifor cleaning and after cleaning are readily assembled, that the structure is light and compact, and is adapted for general uses. In the paint line is located a ported disk 33, preferably positioned transversely of the line immediately exteriorly ot' port 6. The relative sizes ot aper tures in disks 21 and 33 positively controls the proportion of paint and air admitted into the gun for intermixing therein and discharge therefrom. The disk 33, like the disk 21, may be changed and supplemented by a disk having a larger or smaller aperture as desired.

In this construction, it will be observed that the reciprocation of the member A controls both the admittance of air and admittance of liquid for discharge through the nozzle tip Y I claim:-

1. A spray gun comprising a substantially T-shaped structure, the top consisting of a tubular body and the stem a tubular handle, a tubular discharge nozzle extended trom one end of the body and lineally reciprocable longitudinally therein, said discharge nozzle provided at one end with a discharge tip and provided in its wall with port-s lor respectively admitting liquid and air under pressure thereinto, the liquid at a point in` termediate the tip and the air supply, said body provided with liquid and air passages with which said ports are adapted to register on the lineal movement of said nozzle, means for normally maintaining said ports out of register with said passages, and a trigger between said handle and said tip for operation to actuate said nozzle against the action of said means.

2. A spray gun comprising a substantially T-shaped structure, the top consisting ol a tubular body and the stem a tubular handle, a tubular discharge nozzle extended 'from one end of the body and lineally reciprocable longitudinally therein, said discharge nozzle provided at one end with a discharge tip and provided in its wall with ports for respectively admitting liquid and air under pressure thereinto, the liquid at a point inter- Ii t mediate the tip and the air supply, said body` provided with liquid and air passages with` which said ports are adapted to register on the lineal movement of said nozzle, meansbular body and the stem a tubular handle,

means for supplying separate sti'eams of air under pressure andv liquid to the tubular body, a tubular discharge nozzle extended lineally from one end of the body and reciprocable longitudinally therein, said discharge nozzle provided with ports controlling the admission thereinto of air Lunder pressure `and liquid, means for normally maintaining said nozzle to preclude the admission theieinto of streams of air and liquid, and a trigger in advance of said handle for operation to actuate said nozzle against the action of said means.

Ll. A spray gun comprising a substantially T-shaped structure, the top comprising a tubular body and the stem a tubular handle, means for supplying separate streams of air under pressure and liquid to the tubular body, a tubular discharge nozzle extended lineally from one end of the body and reciprocable longitudinally therein, said discharge nozzle provided with ports controlling the admission thereinto of air under pressure and liquid, means for normally maintaining said nozzle to preclude the admission thereinto of streams of air and liquid, and a trigger coacting with said nozzle in advance of said handle for operation to actuate said nozzle against the action of said means.

5. A spray gun comprising a substantially T-shaped structure, the top comprising a tubular body and the stein a tubular handle, means for supplying separate streams of air under pressure and liquid to the tubular body, a tubular discharge nozzle extended lineally from one end of the body andreciprocable longitudinally therein, said discharge nozzle provided with ports controllingl the admission thereinto of Vair under.

pressure and liquid, means for normally maintaining said nozzle to preclude the admission thereinto of streams of air and liquid, an arm disposed parallel with the nozzle in advance of the handle, a trigger fulcrumed thereto and cooperating with the nozzle whereby on the movement of said trigger toward said handle, said nozzle is actuated against the action of said means.

6. A spray gun comprising a tubular handle and a tubular body disposed transversely across the handle and'intersecting the same within its length, an air supply pipe `connected with the lower end of the body portion, a removable plug Yclosing the upper end of the tubular handle, Va' fluid supply pipe connected with one endof the handle, tubular nozzle lineally 'reciprocable longitudinally within the tubular body and projecting Atowai'dvthe other end thereof, said nozzle provided with ports for communicating withtl-ie respective supplies of liquid and air on the recipi'ocation of thel nozzle t from. normal position, yieldable means for maintaining the nozzle in normal position, and a trigger depending from the nozzle in advance of the handle whereby onY the movement of the trigger toward -said handle, said nozzle is actuated against the action of said means.

7. A Spray gun comprising a tubular handle anda tubular 'body kdisposed trans? if'ersely across the handle land intersecting the same within its length,fan air supply pipe connected with the lower end of the body portion, a removable plug closing the upper end of the tubular handle, a fluid supply pipe connected with one end of the handle, a tubular nozzle lineally reciprocable longitudinally within the tubular body and projecting beyond the other end thereof, said nozzle provided with ports for communicating with the respective supplies of liquid and air on the reciprocation of the nozzle v from normal position, yieldable means for maintaining the nozzle in normal position, an arinextended forwardly from the upper end of the supply pipe, a trigger fulcrumed at its upper end thereto and depending in advance of the handle, and a nut threaded on the nozzle and against which the trigger bears.

8. A spray gun comprising a tubular handle, a tubular body disposed transversely across the handle and intersecting the same within its length, an air supply pipe connected with the lower end of the body portion, a removable plug closing the upper end of the tubular handle, a fluid supply pipe connected with one end of the handle, a tubular nozzle lineally reciprocable longitudinally within the tubular body and projecting beyond the other end thereof, said nozzle provided with ports one for communicating with the respective supplies of liquid and air on the reciprocation of said nozzle from l normal position, yieldable means for maintaining said nozzle in normal position, said nozzle adapted for axial rotation within said body to position one of said ports to register. with the upper end ofthe tubular handle, and a trigger associated with the nozzle in advance of the handle.

9. A spray gun comprising a handle and a tubular body disposed transversely across the same, an air supply leading into the body, a

iirv

Huid supply pipe connected lwith the body at a point in advance of the point oi air admission, a tubular nozzle lineally reciprocable longitudinally Within the tubular body and projected outwardly from the other end thereof, said nozzle provided with ports for communicating with the respective supplies ot' liquid and air on the reciprocation of the nozzle from normal position, yieldable means tor maintaining the nozzle in normal position, and a trigger depending from. the nozzle in advance of the handle whereby on the movement of the trigger toward said handle, said nozzle is actuated against the action oi said means.

l0. A spray gun comprising a handle and a tubular body disposed transversely across the same, an air supply leading into the body, a plurality of fluid supplies leading into the body at a point in advance of the point of air admission, a tubular nozzle lineally reciprocable longitudinally within the tubular body and provided With a pair of ports one for conununication with the re-v spective supplies ot' liquid and air on the reciprocation of said nozzle 'from normal position, said nozzle adapted 'for axial rotation for positioning the liquid communicating port to selectively register with one of said liquid supplies, and a trigger associated with the nozzle in advance of the handle.

l1. A spray gun comprising a handle and a tubular body disposed transversely thereof, an air supply leading into the body, a liquid supply leading into the body at a point in advance of the point of air admission, a tubular nozzle lineally reciprocable longitudinally within the tubular body and provided With a pair oi' ports one for comuni- Vnicating with the respective supplies oit liquid and air on reciprocation o'lf said nozzle from normal position, and a trigger associated with the nozzle and depending therefrom in advance of the handle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication.

JOHN l). MUhltAY. 

